Varicose veins are a disease in which they stretch and reduce the elasticity of the walls.The disease occurs as a result of impaired outflow from the veins;most often, the disease is localized in the lower limbs.This is the most common pathological condition that occurs in vascular diseases.It occurs more often in women than in men.
Varicose veins can develop in the case of expansion of the pelvic veins in women, varicocele in men, and hemorrhoids in anyone.Pregnancy is often a provoking factor in the development of this condition, since the rheological changes of the blood towards thickening, as well as the increased pressure of the uterus on the pelvic veins, increase venous congestion.
The disease develops as a result of the incompetence of the venous valves and changes in the vessel wall (expansion, decrease in elasticity).
How are varicose veins manifested?
This pathological process does not start completely suddenly, but at first the symptoms of varicose veins are not typical and can be traced back to everyday fatigue.The overflowing of the veins with blood is accompanied by heaviness in the legs, and fatigue develops faster than before during prolonged walking and standing.
In this stage, the treatment and prevention of the disease is the most effective, but many people do not pay attention to this, so they most often consult a doctor in severely advanced cases.
The formation of vascular networks in the form of "stars" or "bundles" causes some discomfort, because in addition to the appearance of increased fatigue and swelling, many women worry that the appearance of the legs is less aesthetic.
Blood stagnation in the vessels does not go away on its own, so the disease progresses.Because of this, the swelling becomes more pronounced, does not go away after being placed in a horizontal position, muscle pains appear, and metabolic disorders lead to the development of cramps in the legs, especially characteristic of this disease, the skin of the legs becomes dry and irritated.
At the same time, blood vessels begin to protrude, which are clearly visible under the skin, like blue threads, some of them change shape, become denser and more twisted.The patient is concerned about changes in skin color and itching.When phlebitis occurs, the vein swells, hardens, and the skin in the area becomes red.
In the case of pelvic varicose veins, the pain most often occurs in the lower abdomen, which is characterized by symptoms that intensify when lifting heavy objects, before the start of menstruation, and during sexual intercourse.All these situations lead to blood flow and increased congestion.The provoking factor for the development of pelvic varicose veins is pregnancy and childbirth.
Characteristics of deep vein circulation disorders
Some people think that varicose veins are just an aesthetic defect that only causes problems for the fairer sex, but this is not so.The main outflow of blood from the legs to the heart passes through the deep veins, so this pathology does not always appear in the form of external changes.
The manifestations of the disease, where a phenomenon such as deep vein varicose predominates, do not differ from other variants of the disease - heaviness in the legs, swelling develops, which intensifies as the pathological changes progress, and later the color of the skin changes and trophic ulcers develop in the affected area.
There are cases when varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower limbs develop secondary to stagnation of all veins, as the outflow disorders of the superficial vessels cause increased stress on the superficial vessels.
Treatment and therapy
Treatment of varicose veins can be therapeutic or surgical.Conservatively, you can relieve the condition if the changes in the veins are not too pronounced;for this there are venotonics, ointments and gels for local use.All this can be combined with wearing compression stockings.
Surgical methods include many methods for radical relief of severe varicose veins.This includes phlebectomy, crossectomy, and vein extraction.Among the modern methods, endoscopic vein surgery is used.